30DEC

Libyan International Conference for Health Sciences

The First Libyan International Conference for Health Sciences (2024): Open University, Tripoli, Libya
Mediterranean Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
https://ppj.org.ly/article/doi/10.5281/zenodo.10535778

Mediterranean Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences

Original article

Educational intervention on knowledge of hypertension and lifestyle/dietary modification among hypertensive patients attending a tertiary health facility in Nigeria

Muslim O. Jamiu, Bilkisu B. Maiha, Nuhu M. Danjuma, Abdulganiyu Giwa

http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10535778 Mediterr J Pharm Pharm Sci, vol.4, n1, p.1-11, 2024
PDF
PDF
Downloads: 0
Views: 289

Abstract

Patients’ knowledge of hypertension and treatment has been found to affect health outcomes of hypertension. This study aimed to assess the impact of therapeutic patients’ education on knowledge of hypertension and lifestyle/dietary modification among hypertensive patients in Nigeria. The study was conducted among 317 hypertensive patients randomized into controlled and intervention groups (158 vs 159, respectively) between March 2021 and February 2022. Baseline knowledge of the patients was assessed and intervention was provided for the intervention group with a structured educational program at a baseline and six months. Descriptive data were presented with a frequency table in percentage while the chi-square test and univariate logistic regression were used to determine the association between categorical variables. Out of the total 318 patients, 275 completed the study (response rate: 86.8%) with 136 in the control group and 139 in the intervention group. The mean age of the patients was 59.5 (±12.5) and patients >60 years (49.5%) were the most frequent age category. The baseline knowledge score of hypertension was 9.8 (±2.6) and 9.3 (±2.6) on a scale of 16 points in the control group and intervention group, respectively (P=0.060) while at six months 11.9 (±2.3) vs 10.8 (±2.4) (P<0.001) and 12 months 12.6 (±2.5) vs 9.5 (±2.0) (P<0.001), respectively. Knowledge of lifestyle/dietary modification in the control group and intervention group at baseline was 7.0 (±2.1) and 6.6 (±2.0), respectively, while at six months 7.5 (±1.5) vs 9.9 (±1.3) (P<0.001) and at 12 months 7.2 (±1.5) vs 10.4 (±1.2), respectively. Marital status, body mass index, and family history of hypertension were associated with knowledge of hypertension and lifestyle/dietary modification (P<0.001). The educational intervention provided was associated with a significant improvement in knowledge of hypertension and lifestyle/dietary modification. The marital status of the patients, body mass index and family history of hypertension influenced patients’ level of knowledge. 

Keywords

Dietary, education, hypertension, knowledge, lifestyle, pharmacist

References

  1. Bromfield S, Muntner P (2013) High blood pressure: the leading global burden of disease risk factor and the need for worldwide prevention programs. Current Hypertension Reports. 15 (3): 134-136. doi: 10.1007/s11906-013-0340-9
  2. World Health Organization (2022) Non-communicable diseases progress monitor. Global Report. pages 233. ISBN: 9789240047761.
  3. Ganiyu KA, Suleiman IS (2014) Economic burden of drug therapy in hypertension management in a private teaching hospital in Nigeria. British Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 4 (1): 70-78. doi: 10.9734/BJPR/2014/ 3983
  4. Gnugesser E, Chwila C, Brenner S, Deckert A, Dambach P, Steinert JI, Bärnighausen T, Horstick O, Antia K, Louis VR (2022) The economic burden of treating uncomplicated hypertension in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic literature review. BMC Public Health. 22: 1507. doi: 10.1186/s12889-022-13877-4
  5. Arredondo A, Aviles R (2014) Hypertension and its effects on the economy of the health system for patients and society: suggestions for developing countries. American Journal of Hypertension. 27 (4): 635-636. doi: 10.1093/ ajh/hpu010
  6. Erejuwa OO, Gan SH, Romani AM, Kamal MA, Nammi S (2019) Non-pharmacologic interventions in prevention and treatment of hypertension. International Journal of Hypertension. 1-2. doi: 10.1155/ 2019/670981
  7. Carey RM, Muntner P, Bosworth HB, Whelton PK (2018) Prevention and control of hypertension: JACC health promotion series. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 72 (11): 1278-1293. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc. 2018.07.008
  8. Mühlhauser I, Lenz M (2008) Does patient knowledge improve treatment outcome? German Journal for Evidence and Quality in Health Care. 102 (4): 223-230. doi: 10.1016/j.zefq.2008.04.002
  9. El-hamali GJ, Sherif FM (2017) Public health education in pre-diabetes and diabetes control. JOJ Public Health. 2 (4): 1-3. doi: 10.19080/JOJPH.2017.02.555594
  10. Almas A, Godil SS, Lalani S, Samani ZA, Khan AH (2012) Good knowledge about hypertension is linked to better control of hypertension; A multicentre cross-sectional study in Karachi, Pakistan. BioMed Centre Research Notes. 5 (579): 1-8. doi: 10.1186/1756-0500-5-579
  11. Ralapanawa U, Bopeththa K, Wickramasurendra N, Tennakoon S (2020) Hypertension knowledge, attitude, and practice in adult hypertensive patients at a tertiary care hospital in Sri Lanka. International Journal of Hypertension. 2020: 1-6. ID 4642704. doi: 10.1155/2020/4642704
  12. Sabouhi F, Babaee S, Naji H, Zadeh AH (2011) Knowledge, awareness, attitudes and practice about hypertension in hypertensive patients referring to public health care centers in Khoor & Biabanak. Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research. 16 (1): 34-40. PMID: 22039377. PMCID: PMC3203297.
  13. Abubakar S, Muhammad LU, Ahmed A, Idris F (2017) Knowledge, attitude, and adherence to non-pharmacological therapy among patients with hypertension and diabetes attending the hypertension and diabetes clinics at Tertiary Hospitals in Kano, Nigeria. Sahel Medical Journal. 20 (3): 102-108. doi: 10.4103/1118-8561.223170
  14. Silveira de Castro M, Fuchs FD, Santos MC, Maximiliano P, Gus M, Moreira LB, Ferreira MB (2006) Pharmaceutical care program for patients with uncontrolled hypertension report of a double-blind clinical trial with ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. American Journal of Hypertension. 19 (5): 528-533. doi: 10.1016/j. amjhyper.2005.11.009
  15. Erah PO, Chuks-Eboka NA (2008) Patients’ perception of the benefits of pharmaceutical care services in the management of hypertension in a tertiary health care facility in Benin City. Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 7 (1): 897-905. doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v7i1.14674
  16. Iyer AS, Ahmed MI, Filippatos GS, Ekundayo OJ, Aban IB, Love TE, Nanda NC, Bakris GL, Fonarow GC, Aronow WS, Ahmed A (2010) Uncontrolled hypertension and increased risk for incident heart failure in older adults with hypertension: findings from a propensity-matched prospective population study. Journal of American Society of Hypertension. 5 (1): 22-31. doi: 10.1016/j.jash.2010.02.002
  17. Ozoemena EL, Iweama CN, Agbaje OS, Umoke PCI, Ene OC, Ofili PC, Agu BN, Orisa PU, Agu M, Anthony E (2017) Diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease: clinical insights and vascular mechanisms. Canadian Journal of Cardiology. 34 (5): 575-584. doi: 10.1016/j.cjca.2017.12.005
  18. Ozoemena EL, Iweama CN, Agbaje OS (2019) Effects of a health education intervention on hypertension-related knowledge, prevention and self-care practices in Nigerian retirees: a quasi-experimental study. Archives of Public Health. 77: 23. doi: 10.1186/s13690-019-0349-x
  19. Schulz KF, Altman DG, Moher D. CONSORT Group (2010) CONSORT 2010 Statement: updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomized trials. British Medical Journal. 340: c332. doi: 10.1136/bmj.c332
  20. Thiese MS (2014) Observational and interventional study design types; an overview. Biochemia Medica. 24 (2): 199-210. doi: 10.11613/BM.2014.022
  21. Zhong B (2009) How to calculate sample size in randomized controlled trial? Journal of Thoracic Disease. 1 (1): 51-54. PMID: 22263004. PMCID: PMC3256489.
  22. Wang X, Ji X (2020) Sample size estimation in clinical research from randomized controlled trials to observational studies. Chest. 158 (1S): S12-S20. doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2020.03.010
  23. Dickinson HO, Mason JM, Nicolson DJ, Campbell F, Beyer FR, Cook JV, Williams B, Ford GA (2006) Lifestyle interventions to reduce raised blood pressure: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Journal of Hypertension. 24 (2): 215-233. doi: 10.1097/01.hjh.0000199800.72563.26
  24. Kim HL, Kim HM, Kwon CH (2020) Blood pressure levels and cardiovascular risk according to age in patients with diabetes mellitus: a nationwide population-based cohort study. Cardiovascular Diabetology. 19: 181. doi: 10.1186/s12933-020-01156-8
  25. Abu H, Aboumatar H, Carson KA, Goldberg R, Cooper LA (2018) Hypertension knowledge, heart healthy lifestyle practices and medication adherence among adults with hypertension. European Journal for Person Centered Healthcare. 6 (1): 108-114. doi: 10.5750/ejpch.v6i1.1416
  26. Adedapo AD, Akunne OO, Adedokun BO (2015) Comparative assessment of determinants of health-related quality of life in hypertensive patients and normal population in south-west Nigeria. International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 53 (3): 265-271. doi: 10.5414/CP202257
  27. China PEACE Collaborative Group (2021) Association of age and blood pressure among 3.3 million adults: insights from China PEACE million persons’ project. Journal of Hypertension. 39 (6): 1143-1154. doi: 10.1097/ HJH.0000000000002793
  28. Demisse AG, Greffie ES, Abebe SM, Bulti AB, Alemu S, Abebe B, Mesfin N (2017) High burden of hypertension across the age groups among residents of Gondar city in Ethiopia: a population based cross sectional study. BioMed Central Public Health. 17 (1): 647. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4646-4
  29. Odili AN, Chori BS, Danladi B, Nwakile PC, Okoye IC, Abdullah U (2017) Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in Nigeria: Data from a Nationwide Survey 2017. Global Heart. 15 (1): 47. doi: 10.5334/ gh.848
  30. Spruill T M (2010) Chronic psychosocial stress and hypertension. Current hypertension reports. 12 (1): 10-16. doi: 10.1007/s11906-009-0084-8
  31. Barbini N, Speziale M, Squadroni R (2017) Occupational risk factors for arterial hypertension in workers of high-speed railway line in Italy. Archives of Clinical Hypertension. 3 (1): 1-4. doi: 10.17352/ach.000011
  32. World Health Organization (2019) Delivering quality health services: a global imperative for universal health coverage. Geneva: World Health Organization, Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, and the World Bank; 2018. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. ISBN: 9789241513906.
  33. Ho TM, Estrada D, Agudo J, Arias P, Capillas R, Gibert E, Salvadó A (2016) Assessing the impact of educational intervention in patients with hypertension. Journal of Renal Care. 42 (4): 205-211. doi: 10.1111/jorc.12165
  34. Deji-Dada OO, Aina FO, Soloman OA, Omosanya OE, Shabi MO (2019) The impact of knowledge of hypertension on blood pressure control among the elderly hypertensive attending a primary health care facility in Ekiti, South-Western Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Family Practice. 10 (2): 39-47. doi: Nil.
  35. Bogale S, Mishore KM, Tola A, Mekuria AN, Ayele Y (2020) Knowledge, attitude and practice of lifestyle modification recommended for hypertension management and the associated factors among adult hypertensive patients in Harar, Eastern Ethiopia. SAGE Open Medicine. 8: 1-9. doi: 10.1177/2050312120953291
  36. Cole AM, Keppel GA, Andrilla HA, Cox CM, Baldwin LM, WWAMI (Washington, Wyoming, Alaska, Montana, and Idaho), Region practice and research network (WPRN) patient preferences for weight loss in primary care development group, and the WPRN practice champions (2016) Primary care patients' willingness to participate in comprehensive weight loss programs: from the WWAMI region practice and research network. Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine. 29 (5): 572-580. doi: 10.3122/jabfm.2016.05.160039
  37. Mahdi HA, Al-Humairi AK (2022) Assessment of knowledge about hypertension among hypertensive patients in Babylon Province. Medical Journal of Babylon. 19: 31-36. doi: 10.4103/MJBL.MJBL_73_21
  38. Chen H, Zhang R, Zheng Q, Yan X, Wu S, Chen Y (2018) Impact of body mass index on long-term blood pressure variability: a cross-sectional study in a cohort of Chinese adults. BMC Public Health. 18: 1193. doi: 10.1186/s12889-018-6083-4

Submitted date:
12/13/2023

Reviewed date:
01/04/2024

Accepted date:
01/09/2024

Publication date:
01/19/2024

65aadae5a9539504190a4813 medjpps Articles
Links & Downloads
2789-1895 (Electronic) 2958-3101 (Printed)
Mediterr J Pharm Pharm Sci ©2024 All rights reserved.

Mediterr J Pharm Pharm Sci

Share this page
Page Sections