30DEC

Libyan International Conference for Health Sciences

The First Libyan International Conference for Health Sciences (2024): Open University, Tripoli, Libya
Mediterranean Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
https://ppj.org.ly/article/doi/10.5281/zenodo.7479721

Mediterranean Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences

Original article

Effect of Alhagi Maurorum or Gloularia Alypum on lipid profile of experimentally induced hypercholesteremic rats and on blood pressure of experimentally induced hypertensive rats

Ghazala O. Othman, Khalid Elfsei, Aisha M. Alfituri, Abdelhakim A.G. Ali, Ashref El-Buri, Abdulkader H. El-Debanin, Fathi M. Sherif, Awad G. Abdellatif

Downloads: 1
Views: 115

Abstract

In some countries, a high percentage of the population relies on traditional plants for treating certain diseases. This study aimed to investigate the effect of G. alypum extract (GAE) and Alhagj marorum extract (AME) on lipid profiles in experimentally induced hypercholesteremic rats and on the blood pressure of experimentally induced hypertensive rats. Male Wistar rats weighing 200-300 g were divided into five groups: group one received a normal diet (negative control), group two received a high lipid diet containing coconut oil (10 g/kg/day), cholesterol (4 g/kg/day) and cholic acid (0.20 g/kg/day) (positive control), group three received a high lipid diet together with clofibrate (50 mg/kg/day), group four received a high lipid diet together with AME (200 mg/kg/day) and group five received GAE (200 mg/kg/day). The experiment continued for two weeks, then the rats were sacrificed and blood samples were collected to estimate of cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein. To induce hypertension, rats were divided into two groups (n=8 in each group). Group one received normal saline (control) and group two received dexamethasone (0.40 mg/kg, i.p.) for seven consecutive days. Later, the rats were anesthetized using thiopental and the carotid artery was cannulated for recording blood pressure. AME (40 mg/kg) or GAE (40 mg/kg) were injected through a cannula placed into the internal jugular vein at a dose volume of 0.1 ml. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured before and after plant extract administration. The results showed that clofibrate GAE extract and ANE extract significantly decreased cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein compared to high-lipid diet-treated rats. Data also indicated that administration of GAE or AME extract significantly reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure in experimentally induced hypertensive rats. In conclusion, GAE and AME have antihyperlipidemic and antihypertensive activities and further investigation is needed to clarify the mechanism of these effects.

Keywords

Alhagi marorum, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, rat, triglyceride

References

  1. Eshete MA, Molla EL (2021) Cultural significance of medicinal plants in healing human ailments among Guji semi-pastoralist people, Suro Barguda District, Ethiopia. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine. 17: (61): 2-18. doi: 10.1186/s13002-021-00487-4
  2. World Health Organization (2013) WHO traditional medicine strategy: 2014-2023. World Health Organization (2013) ISBN: 9789241506090.
  3. Vyshnavi N (2021) Importance of medicinal plants in medicine. Journal of Medicinal and Organic Chemistry. 1: 1.
  4. Krishnaiah D, Sarbatly R, Nithyanandam R (2011) A review of the antioxidant potential of medicinal plant species. Food Bioproducts Processing. 89: 217-233. doi: 10.1016/J.FBP.2010.04.008
  5. Smruti S (2021) Role of medicinal plant in human health perspective. Acta Scientific Agriculture. 5 (5): 65-68.
  6. Kein K (2021) The role of natural medicine in drug discovery. Journal of Medicinal and Organic Chemistry. 1: 1. doi: Nil.
  7. Sule WF, Okonko IO, Joseph TA, Ojezele MO, Nwanze JC, Alli JA, Adewale OG, Ojezele OJ (2010) In-vitro antifungal activity of Senna alata L. crude leaf extract. Research Journal of Biological Sciences. 5 (3): 275-284. doi: 10.3923/rjbsci.2010.275.284
  8. Timothy SY, Lamuf W, Rhoda AS (2012) Acute toxicity, phytochemistry, and antibacterial activity of aqueous and ethanolic leaf extracts of Cassia alata L. International Research Journal of Pharmacy. 3 (6): 73-76. Corpus ID: 1757587.
  9.  Adaramoye OA, Akintayo O, Achem J, Fafunso MA (2008) Lipid-lowering effects of methanolic extract of vernonia amygdalina leaves in rats fed on high cholesterol diet. Vascular Health and Risk Management. 4 (1): 235- 241. doi: 10.2147/vhrm.2008.04.01.235.
  10. Gerhardt A, Gallo N (1998) Full-fat rice bran and oat bran similarly reduce hypercholesterolemia in humans. The Journal of Nutrition. 128 (5): 865-869. doi: 10.1093/jn/128.5.865
  11. Moghadasian MH, Frohlich JJ, McManus BM (2001) Advances in experimental dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis. Laboratory Investigation. 81 (9): 1173-1183. doi: 10.1038/labinvest.3780331
  12. Jaffar AR, Babb J, Movahed A (2004) Optimal management of hyperlipidemia in primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. International Journal of Cardiology. 97 (3): 355-366. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2003.07.039
  13. Tall AR, Yvan-Charvet L (2015) Cholesterol, inflammation and innate immunity. Nature Reviews Immunology. 15 (2): 104-116. doi: 10.1038/nri3793
  14. Bays H, Stein EA (2003) Pharmacotherapy for dyslipidaemia - current therapies and future agents. Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy. 4 (11): 1901-1938. doi: 10.1517/14656566.4.11.1901
  15. Linsel-Nitschke P, Tall AR (2005) HDL as a target in the treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery. 4 (3): 193-205. doi: 10.1038/nrd1658
  16. Onyeneke EC, Adebisi KE, Eriyamremu GE, Ojeaburu SI, Asagba SO, Oluba OM (2007) Effect of lipid-based diet on some lipid-metabolizing enzymes. Journal of Medical Sciences. 7 (8): 1283-1289. doi: 10.3923ljms. 2007.1283. 1289
  17. Oluba OM, Adeyemi O, Ojieh GC, Adebisi KE, Isiosio IO, Aboluwoye CO (2008) Effect of dietary cholesterol on some serum enzymes. Journal of Medical Sciences. 8 (4): 390-394. doi: 10.3923/jms.2008.390.394
  18. World Health Organization (2021) Hypertension fact sheet. 2021. 25 August 2021. Joint News Release. Geneva, Switzerland.
  19. Al-Snafi AE (2022) Medicinal plants with beneficial effects on heart. GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences. 19 (03): 064-082. doi: 10.30574/gscbps.2022.19.3.0215
  20. Anika UL, Pintaningrum Y, Syamsun A (2015) Correlation between serum lipid profile and blood pressure in NTB general hospital. Journal of Hypertension. 33: e32. doi: 10.1097/01.hjh.0000469836.68789.01.
  21. Williams RR, Hunt SC, Hopkins PN, Stults BM, Wu LL, Hasstedt SJ, Barlow GK, Stephenson SH, Laluel JM, Kuida H (1988) Familial dyslipidemic hypertension. Evidence from 58 Utah families for a syndrome present in approximately 12% of patients with essential hypertension. The Journal of the American Medical Association. 259 (24): 3579-3586. doi: 10.1001/jama.259.24.3579
  22. Halperin RO, Sesso HD, Ma J, Buring JE, Stampfer MJ, Gaziano JM (2006) Dyslipidemia and the risk of incident hypertension in men. Hypertension. 47. 1: 45-50. doi: 10.1161/01.HYP.0000196306.42418.0e
  23. Borghi C (2002) Interactions between hypercholesterolemia and hypertension: implications for therapy. Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension. 11 (5): 489-496. doi: 10.1097/00041552-200209000-00003
  24. Neaton JD, Wentworth D (1992) Serum cholesterol, blood pressure, cigarette smoking, and death from coronary heart disease: overall findings and differences by age for 316 099 white men. Archives of Internal Medicine. 152 (1): 56-64. PMID: 1728930.
  25. Wojciki J, Samochowiec L (1983) Experimental model of hyperlipidemia in rats. Polish Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacy. 35 (6): 436-443. PMID: 6677893.
  26. Gupta A, Sehgal V, Mehan S (2011) Hyperlipidemia: An updated review. International Journal of Biopharmaceutical and Toxicology Research. 1: 81-89. doi: Nil.
  27. Rader DJ, Kathiresan S (2018) Disorders of lipoprotein metabolism. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine. 2245-2257. 20e. McGraw Hill. ISBN: 978-1-259-64403-0.
  28. Rohilla AN, Dagar N, Rohilla S, Dahiya A, Kushnoor A (2012) Hyperlipidemia-a deadly pathological condition. International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research. 4 (2): 15-18. Corpus ID: 14389214.
  29. Xie JH, Jin ML, Morris GA, Zha XQ, Chen HQ, Yi Y, Li JE, Wang ZJ, Gao J, Nie SP, Shang P, Xie MY (2016) Advances on bioactive polysaccharides from medicinal plants. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition. 56 (1): S60-S84. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2015.1069255
  30. Sham TT, Chan CO, Wang YH, Yang JM, Mok DK, Chan SW (2014) A review on the traditional Chinese medicinal herbs and formulae with hypolipidemic effect. Biomedical Research International. 2014: 925302. doi: 10.1155/ 2014/925302
  31. Rouhi-Boroujeni H, Heidarian E, Rouhi-Boroujeni H, Khoddami M, Gharipour M, Rafieian-Kopaei M (2017) Use of lipid-lowering medicinal herbs during pregnancy:  A systematic review on safety and dosage.  Advance Research Yields in Atherosclerosis. 13 (3): 135-155. PMID: 29147122.
  32. Kalita S, Hazarika A (2021) A mini-review on plants with potential antihyperlipidemic properties of Northeast India. International Research Journal of Plant Science. 12 (3): 1-11. doi: 10.14303/irjps.2021.15
  33. Al-Sanafi AE (2022) Blood lipids lowering effect of medicinal plants. GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences. 19 (03): 15-43. doi: 10.30574/gscbps.2022.19.3.0213
  34. Solanki YB, Jain SM (2010) Antihyperlipidemic activity of Clitoria ternatea and Vigna mungoin rats. Pharmaceutical Biology. 48 (8): 915-923. doi: 10.3109/13880200903406147
  35. Al-Snafi AE (2015) Therapeutic properties of medicinal plants: a review of plants with cardiovascular effects (part 1). International Journal of Pharmacy. 5 (3): 104-124. doi: Nil.
  36. Al-Snafi AE (2016) Medicinal plants with cardiovascular effects (part 2): plant-based review. IOSR Journal of Pharmacy. 6 (7): 43-62. doi: Nil.
  37. Al-Snafi AE (2015) Therapeutic properties of medicinal plants:  a review of plants with hypolipidemic, hemostatic, fibrinolytic and anticoagulant effects (part 1). Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology. 5 (4): 271-284. doi: Nil.
  38. Tahir FN, Ali H, Taqi A (2022) Hypolipidemic and hypolglycemic activity of medicinal plants in STZ (streptozorocin) induced hyperlipidemic rats and their role in health and disease. Gomal Journal of Medical Sciences. 20 (1): 45-50. doi: 1046903/gjms/20.01.1078
  39. Asif MA, Lisa SR, Qais N (2021) Exploring the anti-hypertensive properties of medicinal plants and their bioactive metabolites: an extensive review. American Journal of Plant Sciences. 12 (11): 1705-1740. doi: 10.4236/ajps.202. 1211119
  40. Sultana S, Asif HM (2017) Review: medicinal plants combating against hypertension: a green antihypertensive approach. Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 30 (6): 2311-2319. PMID: 29175804.
  41. EL Debani A, Abd Elatif A, Ben Serti M, Bofares K (2001) Effect of the aqueous extracts of the endogenous plant pituranthos tortuosus on experimentally induced hypertension. Fifth Jamahiriya Medical Sciences Conference. 82. Zawia, Libya.

Submitted date:
10/17/2022

Reviewed date:
11/22/2022

Accepted date:
11/26/2022

Publication date:
07/27/2024

66a54163a953957ca13b9d05 medjpps Articles
Links & Downloads

Mediterr J Pharm Pharm Sci

Share this page
Page Sections